Cell Wall Related Gene Families
We have segregated cell wall biogenesis into six distinct stages: substrate generation, polymer synthesis, secretion, assembly, rearrangement during development, and disassembly. Several gene families devoted to wall biogenesis representing these six stages have been identified, and many more of the unannotated and unknown genes remain to be examined. In this section we have provided the current knowledge of the relevant gene family structure and annotated them as to progress towards identification of availability of T-DNA insertional mutants, if mutants have been identified by other investigators, and other information gleaned from database searches. The next section on ‘mutants’ extends this list to EMS as well as T-DNA mutants that have been previously characterized. Each Arabidopsis entry will contain access directly to SIGnAL’s T-DNA collection. Accession codes in red indicate that a SALK hit has been identified and is currently being directed to generation of homozygous lines and on to FTIR screening. Those in blue indicate no SALK hit has yet been recorded, but a link is still established to SIGnAL to give the chromosome location and other links to annotation or information about gene function. Ordering information through ABRC is also provided.

Do you have an interesting new gene family for us to consider? Do you desire us to place your special cell-wall gene family into our high priority for screening? Write us immediately!


See our improved annotation of maize cell wall-related genes (soon available at Maize GDB)


1. Pathways of substrate generation
  1.1 Nucleotide-sugar interconversion pathways
  1.2 C-1 kinases and sugar salvage pathways
  1.3 Pathways of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis


2. Polysaccharide synthases and glycosyl transferases
  2.1 Cellulose synthases
  2.2 Cellulose synthase-like Genes
  2.3 Glycosyl transferases
      2.3.1 GT family 8
      2.3.2 GT family 47
      2.3.3 GT family 37      
      2.3.4 GT family 34
      2.3.5 GT family 31
  2.4 Callose synthase genes
  

3. Secretion and targeting pathways
  3.1 Vesicle trafficking
  3.2 Cytoskeleton-associated proteins
  3.3 Plasma membrane fusion
  3.4 Endocytosis
  3.5 Cell-plate formation


4. Assembly, Architecture, and Growth
  4.1 Growth modifying proteins
      4.1.1 Expansins
      4.1.2 Yieldins
  4.2 Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases
  4.3 Hydrolases
      4.3.1 Exo-acting glycanases
          4.3.1.1 ß-Galactosidase family 35
      4.3.2 Endo-acting glycanases
          4.3.2.1 Glycoside hydrolase family 9 (Endo-1,4-beta-glucanase)
          4.3.2.2 Glycoside hydrolase family 17 (Glucan endo-1,3-beta-glucosidase)
      4.3.3 Polygalacturonases - PGases
  4.4 Lyases
      4.4.1 Pectate and pectin Lyases
      4.4.2 Rhamnogalacturonan I lyases
  4.5 Esterases
      4.5.1 Pectin methyl esterases
      4.5.2 Pectin acetylesterases
      4.5.3 Feruloyl esterases
  4.6 Structural proteins
      4.6.1 Hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (HRGPs)
      4.6.2 Proline-rich proteins (PRPs)
      4.6.3 Glycine-rich proteins (GRPs)
      4.6.4 Arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs)
      4.6.5 Prolyl-4-hydroxylases


5. Differentiation and Secondary Wall Formation
  5.1 Lignan synthesis
  5.2 Lignin assembly and modification
      5.2.1 Laccases
      5.2.2 Peroxidases
      5.2.3 Germin-like proteins
  5.3 Cellulose and associated matrix polysaccharides


6. Signaling and Response Mechanisms
  6.1 Generation of signal molecules
  6.2 Reactive-oxygen species generation
  6.3 Receptor-like kinases and their ligands
  6.4 Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins   
      6.4.1 Phytocyanins
          6.4.1.1 Early nodulin-like
          6.4.1.2 Uclacyanin-like       
          6.4.1.3 Stellacyanin-like
      6.4.2 Extensin-related
      6.4.3 Receptor-like
      6.4.4 HIPL
      6.4.5 Proteases
      6.4.6 LPTL
      6.4.7 GPDL
      6.4.8 COBRA family
      6.4.9 SKU5 family
      6.4.10 GPI-Anchored peptide (GAPEP) family
      6.4.11 Unknown GPI-anchored proteins

     
7. Unknowns


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