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2. Polysaccharide synthases and glycosyl transferases
Synthases are defined as ‘processive’ glycosyl transferases that
produce iterative linkages of a particular polysaccharide backbone. The Cellulose
SynthaseA (CESA) genes are all suspected of synthesizing cellulose in somatic
cells that exhibit multinet-type growth. The Cellulose-Synthase-Like (subclasses
A through H) (CSL[A-H]) genes are based on the conserved D, DxD, D, QxxRW
motifs of the CESA genes and are suspected to encode synthases of the backbones
of non-cellulosic ?-linked polysaccharides, such as xyloglucan, glucomannan,
xylans, etc. An exception may be the CSLD class, which may encode cellulose
synthases of tip-growing cells. Several mutants have been identified in the
CESA and CSLD classes, but heretofore, those of the other CSL[A-H] sub-classes
have not unequivocally been linked to specific polymer synthases.
Richmond, T. A., C. R. Somerville. 2001. Integrative approaches to determining
Csl function. Plant Mol. Biol. 47, 131-143.
2.1 Cellulose synthases
2.2 Cellulose synthase-like Genes
2.3 Glycosyl transferases
2.3.1 GT family 1
2.3.2 GT family
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2.3.3 Xyloglucan Fucosyltransferase
2.4 Callose synthase genes
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